A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics in Terms of Knowledge and Attitude among the Staff Nurses working in Govt. Hospital for Mental Health at Gujarat State

 

Vatsal Upadhyay

Assistant Professor, Mahavir College of Nursing, Vatrak, Ta- Bayad, Dist- Arvalli (Gujarat)

*Corresponding Author E-mail:

 

 

ABSTRACT:

Background- Antipsychotics medications are also called ‘neuroleptics or major tranquilizer. They are effective in the treatment of acute and chronic manifestations of schizophrenia and other psychotic conditions Without drug treatment, an estimated 72% of individual who have experienced a psychotic episode relapse within a year. This relapse rate can be reduced to about 23% with continuous medication administration. Aims and Objectives-1. To Assess the Knowledge Regarding Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics before and after implementation of planned teaching program among staff nurses. 2. To Assess the Attitude Regarding Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics before and after implementation of planned teaching program among staff nurses. 3. To find out the correlation between of post test knowledge score and post test attitude score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses. 4. To find out the association between of pre test knowledge score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses with demographic variables. And 5. To find the association between of pre test attitude score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses with demographic variables. Material and Method- Quasi Experimental Research approach used with One Group pre-test and post-test Design. The investigator has used simple random Sampling Techniques for selecting 60 Staff nurses. A Structured Knowledge Questionnaire and Likert’s Attitude Scale were prepared to assess the Knowledge and Attitude of the samples. Result- Mean pre-test knowledge score was 12.62 while Mean post-test knowledge score was 21.55 and the difference was 8.93. The Standard Deviation (SD) of pre-test and post-test knowledge was 2.48 and 2.47 respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value is 29.91which higher than the tabulated ‘t’ value 2.00, which indicates the increased knowledge. Mean Pre-test attitude score was 63.15 while Mean Post-test attitude score was 79.43 and the difference was 16.28. The Standard Deviation (SD) of pre-test and post-test attitude was 4.07 and 3.63 respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value is 26.46 which higher than the tabulated ‘t’ value 2.00, which indicates the increased attitude. The Correlation Coefficient was obtained using Karl Pearson's formula which yielded r=0.155. It suggests Positive Correlation between the Post-test Knowledge Score and Post-test Attitude Score of Samples. Association of selected Demographic Variables with the Pretest Knowledge and Attitude score was computed using Chi Square test and it showed that there is no Significant association between them. Data demonstrated that there was significant increase in the Knowledge and Attitude on Management of adverse effects of antipsychotics after Implementation of Planned Teaching Programme. Hence it is proved that Planned Teaching Programme on Management of adverse effects of antipsychotics was effective in improving knowledge and attitude among Staff nurses working in govt. Hospital for Mental health at Gujarat state.

 

KEYWORDS: Planned teaching program, Effectiveness, Antipsychotics, Adverse effects.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Antipsychotics are those psychotropic drugs, which are used in the treatment of psychosis and psychotic symptoms. The original drugs used to treat psychosis are called “typical or conventional” neuroleptic drugs. With the discovery of the newer antipsychotic drugs in the 1990s, the treatment of these debilitating brain disorders has been revolutionized. While there are advantages and disadvantages to both classes of these antipsychotic drugs, the atypical offer a different pharmacological mechanism of action, an expanded spectrum of therapeutic efficacy, and a more acceptable side effects profile1.

 

About the management of Adverse effects of antipsychotics is Major concept in the mental health care settings.Because antipsychotic medicine is the one of the medicine which cures psychotic symptoms. Its effect also good for psychotic symptoms but its adverse effect is also more severe than other drugs which leads to death also. So through this Study I want to give knowledge to the staff nurses regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics in mental health care settings1.  

 

NEED FOR STUDY:  

In psychiatry psychopharmacology plays a vital role in the treatment. Most of the patients with mental illness are on psychotropic medications for longer duration. Which has high rate of adverse reactions. The process of medication administration has many steps and in any of them, the nurse may commit mistakes making a medications error, even if only minor, can be psychologically devastating to the nurse. The nurse should be aware not only about errors but also about adverse reactions and interactions with other drugs2.

 

A study to assess the knowledge regarding adverse effects of selected antipsychotics drugs among the caregivers of patient receiving antipsychotic drugs. A non-experimental descriptive design with descriptive survey approach was used for the present study. Non probability sampling by using convenient sampling techniques was used to select 30 samples. Data was collected by means of standardized structured knowledge questionnaire which was divided into 2 sections which consisted socio-demographic variables and variables to assess the knowledge regarding adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs.

 

The study findings revealed that majority of caregivers 24 (80%) had average knowledge, 5 (16.66%) had good knowledge,1 (3.33%) had poor knowledge about adverse effects of antipsychotics drugs. There is statistically significant association found between demographic variables with knowledge score regarding adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs at 0.05 level of significance3.

 

A quasi experimental study was conducted to assess the effect of psycho education program on antipsychotic drug compliance at selected hospital in Mangalore, Karnataka. 70 samples were selected using purposive sampling technique. Simple random sampling technique was used to allocate the sample in group I (clients using both antipsychotics and hypoglycemic agents) and group II (clients using only antipsychotics) were compared among themselves with their experimental and control group. The structured questionnaire was used to as a tool. This study indicated that there was a significant in the posttest compliance status of experimental group I and II after psychoeducation program. There is also significant association between the pretest compliance scores and the religion, family income, occupation, monthly expenditure for medicine of the subjects4.

 

OBJECTIVES:

1.     To Assess the Knowledge Regarding Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics before and after implementation of planned teaching programme among staff nurses.

2.     To Assess the Attitude Regarding Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics before and after implementation of planned teaching programme among staff nurses.

3.     To find out the correlation between of post test knowledge score and post test attitude score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses.

4.     To find out the association between of pre test knowledge score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses with demographic variables.

5.     To find the association between of pre test attitude score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses with demographic variables.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Quasi Experimental Research approach used with One Group pre-test and post-test Design. The investigator has used simple random Sampling Techniques for selecting 60 Staff nurses. General system model was used for conceptual framework. Structured knowledge questionnaire was prepared to assess the knowledge. And Structured Likert’s attitude scale was prepared to assess the attitude. Planned teaching programme was prepared by the investigator on Management of adverse effect of antipsychotics. Research setting was Govt. Hospital for Mental Health, Gujarat State. The data was analyzed by using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics.

 

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

Section-I: Demographic Variables

Out of 60 sample Majority of the samples 17(28.33%) belongs to age group 41- 50 years, 44(73.33%) were Female, 40(66.67%) were GNM, 46(76.67%) samples have Not attended in service or training regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics, 17(28.33%) samples have 0-5 years and 11-15 years of experiences.

 

Section-II: Assessment of Knowledge:

Mean Pre-test Knowledge score was 12.62 while Mean Post-test Knowledge score was 21.55. Hence the Mean Difference between Pre-test and Post-test Knowledge score 8.93. The Standard Deviation (SD) of Pre-test was 2.48, Post-test was 2.47. The calculated 't' value is 29.91 with degree of freedom 59 at 0.05 level of significance.

It revealed that calculated 't' value (t=29.91) was greater than tabulated 't' value (t=2.00) which was statistically proved. Hence, Research Hypothesis H1 was accepted.

 

Section-III: Assessment of Attitude:

Mean Pre-test Attitude Score was 63.15 while Mean Post-test Attitude Score was 79.43. Hence the Mean Difference between Pre-test and Post-test Attitude Score was 16.28. The Standard Deviation (SD) of Pre-test was 4.07 and Post-test was 3.63. The Calculated 't' value is 26.464 at 59 degree of freedom with 0.05 level of significance.

 

It revealed that calculated't' value (t=26.464) was greater than tabulated 't' value (t=2.00) which was significantly proved. This indicates that there was a significant difference obtained in the Pre-test and Post-test Attitude score. Hence, Research Hypothesis H2 was accepted.

 

Section-IV: Correlation Between Post-Test Knowledge Score and Attitude Score of the Samples:

The Correlation between Post-test Knowledge Score and Post-test Attitude Score of Samples on Management of Adverse effects of antipsychotics. The Correlation Coefficient was obtained using Karl Pearson's formula which yielded r=0.155. It suggest Positive Correlation between the Post-test Knowledge Score and Post-test Attitude Score of Samples.

 

Section-V: Association of Pre-Test Knowledge Score and Attitude score with selected Demographic Variables:

Chi Square test was used to analyze Association between Pre-test Knowledge and Attitude Score with Demographic Variables of the Samples. It was found that there was a significant Association between Pre-test Knowledge score with Demographic Variables of the Samples at 0.05 level of significance accepting H4 Hypothesis. There was significant association between Pre-test Attitude score with Demographic Variables of the Samples at 0.05 level of significance accepting H5Hypothesis.

 

CONCLUSION:

Knowledge and attitude was increased after implementation of planned teaching Program. The Planned Teaching Program developed by the investigator was found to be effective in enhancing Knowledge and Attitude of Samples on Management of adverse effects of antipsychotics. Thus the Planned Teaching Program can be used for the large population in different setting.

 

REFERANCES:

1.      Sayali Devidas Dambhe, et al. (2018).Effectiveness of Planned Teaching about Knowledge Regarding side Effects of Typical Antipsychotics among the Primary care givers. Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, 1(8),81-93.

2.      Alan Schhhatzberg. (2006). Essentials of Clinical Psychopharmacology (2nd ed.).London; American Psychiatric Publication.

3.      Sheela, S. Ranbhise.(2014). Knowledge Regarding Adverse Effects of Selected Antipsychotic Drugs among the Caregivers of Patients Receiving AntipsychoticDrugs. International Journal of Nursing Education and Research. 2(4), 313-318.

4.      Honey George. (2017). Effect of Psycho Education Program on Antipsychotic Drug Compliance. Journal of Nursing and Health Science.10(4), 53-60.

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 07.12.2021           Modified on 03.01.2022

Accepted on 21.01.2022        © A&V Publications all right reserved

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2022; 10(2):144-146.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2022.00034